Semantic resources project/Antibodies/Revised Methods/FISH

Description
FISH: Fluorescent in situ hybridization

Outline
Detects DNA or RNA (not proteins) -- fluorescently-labeled probes are introduced into the cell ('in situ'), and then visualized using microscopy.

Ontology Terms
MeSH: "In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence"
 * D017404
 * http://bioportal.bioontology.org/visualize/40401/D017404
 * "A type of IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION in which target sequences are stained with fluorescent dye so their location and size can be determined using fluorescence microscopy. This staining is sufficiently distinct that the hybridization signal can be seen both in metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei."

Usage
Klinger et al. "Rapid detection of chromosome aneuploidies in uncultured amniocytes by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)". American Journal of Human Genetics 51:1,55-65 (July 1992) We have demonstrated that FISH provides efficient and accurate prenatal detection of chromosomal aneuploidies in uncultured cells from amniotic fluid. In this study aneuploidies of all five chromosomes tested were easily identified. In addition, we determined the frequencies with which each hybridization pattern would occur in normal and trisomic samples, which allowed us to establish performance criteria for the assay. In a given sample, both the percentage of cells that hybridize and the extent to which hybridization reflects the correct genotype are products of probe design and performance, hybridization efficiency, and signal-detection capability. It has been shown elsewhere that subtle variations in sample fixation, cell permeability, and probesize/complexity markedly influence hybridization/detection efficiency.

Definition
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